Radiation Protection and Safety in Radiotherapy

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Link to IAEA Radiation Oncology Physics: A Handbook for Teachers and Students
Slides: Chapter 16. RADIATION PROTECTION AND SAFETY IN RADIOTHERAPY
Text: Chapter 16. RADIATION PROTECTION AND SAFETY IN RADIOTHERAPY

Contents

[edit] INTRODUCTION

Introduction

[edit] RADIATION EFFECTS

  1. Deterministic effects (Non-stochastic effects)
  2. Stochastic effects

[edit] INTERNATIONAL CONCENSUS AND RADIATION SAFETY STANDARDS

[edit] TYPES OF RADIATION EXPOSURE

[edit] QUANTITIES AND UNITS IN RADIATION PROTECTION

  1. Physical quantities
  2. Radiation protection quantities (Organ dose,Equivalent dose,Effective dose,Committed dose,Collective dose)
  3. Operational quantities (ICRU sphere,Ambient dose equivalent,Directional dose equivalent,Personal dose equivalent)

[edit] BASIC FRAMEWORK OF RADIATION PROTECTION

[edit] GOVERMENTAL REGULATION AND NATIONAL INFRASTRUCTURE

[edit] SCOPE OF THE BASIC SAFETY STANDARDS

[edit] RESPONSIBILITIES FOR IMPLEMENTATION OF BSS REQUIOREMENTS

[edit] SAFETY IN THE DESIGN OF RADIATION EQUIPMENT

  1. Equipment
  2. Sealed sources
  3. Safety in the design of facilities and ancillary equipment

[edit] SAFETY ASSOCIATED WITH INSTALLATION, ACCEPTANCE TESTS, COMMISSIONING AND OPERATION

  1. Safe operation of external beam radiotherapy
  2. Safe operation of brachytherapy

[edit] SECURITY OF SOURCES

[edit] OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE

  1. Responsibilities and conditions of service
  2. Use of dose constraints in radiotherapy
  3. Investigation levels for staff exposure in radiotherapy
  4. Pregnant workers
  5. Classification of areas
  6. Local rules and supervision
  7. Protective equipment and tools
  8. Individual monitoring and exposure assessment
  9. Monitoring the workplace
  10. Health surveillance
  11. Records

[edit] MEDICAL EXPOSURE

  1. Responsibilities for medical exposure
  2. Justification of medical exposure
  3. Optimization of exposure and protection of the patient
  4. Calibration of radiotherapy sources and machines
  5. Clinical dosimetry
  6. Quality assurance for medical exposure
  7. Constraints for comforters and visitors
  8. Discharge of patients
  9. Investigation of accidental medical exposure

[edit] PUBLIC EXPOSURE

  1. Responsibilities
  2. Access control for visitors
  3. Radioactive waste and sources no longer in use
  4. Monitoring of public exposure

[edit] POTENTIAL EXPOSURE AND EMMERGENCY PLANS

  1. Potential exposure and safety assessment
  2. Mitigation of consequences: emergency plans

[edit] GENERAL SHIELDING CALCULATIONS

  1. Step one: Design dose in occupied areas
  2. Step two: Calculation of air kerma in air without shielding]
  3. Step three: Attenuation by shielding barriers

[edit] TYPICAL LINAC INSTALLATION

  1. Workload
  2. Calculation of the primary barrier transmission factor
  3. Calculation of the scatter barrier transmission factor
  4. Calculation of the leakage barrier transmission factor
  5. Determination of barrier thickness
  6. Consideration of neutron production in high-energy linac
  7. Entrance door to a high-energy linac room
  8. Other considerations

[edit] SHIELDING DESIGN FOR BRACHYTHERAPY FACILITIES

[edit] BIBLIOGRAPHY

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